Libros UCLV { BETA }

Motivations to write a second edition of Combustion were numerous. Great progress has been made in many areas of this field, and the original edition was being used as a text and therefore required problem sets and improved methods of explaining many of the basic concepts that had evolved over another decade of teaching. Every chapter of the original edition has been enlarged and, it is hoped, improved with new material, concepts, or methods of presentation.

Motor vehicles-cars, trucks, and buses-are a major source of air pollution. For 35 years we have been both learning about the problem and attempting to control vehicle emissions. In this introduction, we trace the history of our efforts to understand this important environmental issue and to find effective solutions, as well as look ahead to the future. While steady progress has been made and effective technology, such as engine controls, exhaust catalysts, and improved fuels, has been developed at the individual vehicle level, the full resolution of this problem still escapes us. Growth in vehicle use and the failure of the emission controls in a small but significant fraction of vehicles have offset a substantial part of the anticipated gains. Looking to the future, are prospects for effective emissions control better? Yes, improved fuel injection, sensors and controls, and catalyst technologies are being developed, more effective inspection programs are being implemented, and alternative fuels may play some role. However, growth in vehicle use will continue to present a major environmental challenge to both automotive engineers and regulators.

In the environmental protection and management field, the experience of the recent past has been that physicists and electrical engineers have been most attracted to the radiation, nuclear, and noise areas; biologists and civil approximates the ratio of those professionally involved in the field of air pollution. In the environmental protection and management field, the experience of the recent past has been that physicists and electrical engineers have been most attracted to the radiation, nuclear, and noise areas; biologists and civil engineers to the aquatic and solid waste areas; chemists, meteorologists, and chemical and mechanical engineers to the area of air pollution and its control. These remarks are not intended to exclude all others from the party (or from this course). The control of air pollution requires the combined efforts of all the professions mentioned, in addition to the input of physicians, lawyers, and social scientists. However, the professional mix of the authors, and their expectation of a not-too-dissimilar mix of students

Termoconversión de biomasa

Though biomass conversion is being practiced for long the efforts for largescale industrial use of biomass is relatively new. A large body of peer-reviewed literature on biomass gasification, pyrolysis, and torrefaction is available; some recent books on energy also include brief discussions on these topics. For example, the previous edition (Biomass Gasification and Pyrolysis) of this book along with its Chinese, Italian, and Persian versions presents a good treatment of these topics. The technologies of biomass conversion are evolving rapidly and new information is generated at accelerated pace. For this reason, the previous edition of this book was revised and expanded with new chapters on Syn gas cleaning to develop the present monograph. Engineers, scientists, and operating personnel of biomass gasification, pyrolysis, or torrefaction plants clearly need such information from a single easy-toaccess source. Better comprehension of the basics of biomass conversion could help an operator understand the workings of such plants, a design engineer to size the conversion reactors, and a planner to evaluate different conversion options. The present book was written to fill this important need. It attempts to mold available research results in an easy-to-use design methodology whenever possible. Additionally, it brings into focus new advanced processes, such as supercritical water gasification and torrefaction of biomass. This book comprises 14 chapters and 3 appendices, which include several tables that could be useful for the design of biomass conversion units and their components. Chapter 1 introduces readers to the art of different forms of biomass conversion and its present state of art. It also discusses the motivations for such conversion in the context of current energy scenario around the world. A brief introduction to economic issues around biomass utilization is available in Chapter 2. The properties of biomass, especially those relevant to gasification, torrefaction, and pyrolysis of biomass are included in Chapter 3. This chapter also elaborates the potential of biochar for carbon sequestration. Chapter 4 discusses the principles of biomass carbonization with specific emphasis on torrefaction. It also includes a simple method for designing a torrefaction plant. The basics of pyrolysis are included in Chapter 5 that discusses in some details on biochar, a new option for carbon sequestration and soil remediation.